Government
The 2012 Russian government is made up of the prime minister, a first deputy prime minister, six deputy prime ministers, and 21 other ministers.
29 people are included in the cabinet.
Most ministries including the Interior Ministry, Foreign Ministry, Defense Ministry, Justice Ministry, and other ministries are watched closely by the prime minister.
29 people are included in the cabinet.
Most ministries including the Interior Ministry, Foreign Ministry, Defense Ministry, Justice Ministry, and other ministries are watched closely by the prime minister.
Constitution
Constitution of the Russian Federation was created in September 1993.
The constitution passed a majority vote and was adopted.
Constitution is a democratic, federative, and law-based state republican government.
Power is divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Diversity of ideologies and religions is allowed.
Multiparty system is allowed.
The government of the Russian Federation must:
1. Allow the federal budget to be approved by the State Duma.
2. Ensure the implementation of a uniform financial, credit, and monetary policy.
3. Ensure the implementation of uniform policies in areas of culture, science, education, health protection, social security, and ecology.
4. Manage federal property.
5. Provide citizens with state security, country’s defense, and foreign policy.
6. Implement rule of law, human rights, freedoms, protection of property, public order, and crime control.
7. Exercise powers vested by the Constitution, federal laws, and presidential decrees.
The prime minister must agree with the decisions made in government that do not go against the constitution, federal laws, and presidential decrees.
The constitution passed a majority vote and was adopted.
Constitution is a democratic, federative, and law-based state republican government.
Power is divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Diversity of ideologies and religions is allowed.
Multiparty system is allowed.
The government of the Russian Federation must:
1. Allow the federal budget to be approved by the State Duma.
2. Ensure the implementation of a uniform financial, credit, and monetary policy.
3. Ensure the implementation of uniform policies in areas of culture, science, education, health protection, social security, and ecology.
4. Manage federal property.
5. Provide citizens with state security, country’s defense, and foreign policy.
6. Implement rule of law, human rights, freedoms, protection of property, public order, and crime control.
7. Exercise powers vested by the Constitution, federal laws, and presidential decrees.
The prime minister must agree with the decisions made in government that do not go against the constitution, federal laws, and presidential decrees.
"That's right, Putin sits at the front, not you guys."
Executive Branch
Executive branch consists of president and prime minister.
President enjoys privileges.
President determines domestic and foreign affairs and policies and represents Russia in country and foreign affairs.
The president is superior to the legislative branch in the Russian government.
The president can:
1. Issue decrees without legislative review.
2. Dissolve the State Duma.
3. Schedule referendums
President enjoys privileges.
President determines domestic and foreign affairs and policies and represents Russia in country and foreign affairs.
The president is superior to the legislative branch in the Russian government.
The president can:
1. Issue decrees without legislative review.
2. Dissolve the State Duma.
3. Schedule referendums
Other Presidential Powers
The president has the power to appoint a prime minister from the cabinet with the consent of the State Duma.
The president may also appoint or remove government members.
The president is the commander and chief of armed forces.
The president is empowered to declare national emergencies and martial law.
The president must be voted into power and can only serve a maximum of two terms (four years each).
At least 50 percent of eligible voters must participate in order for the election to be valid.
The president may also appoint or remove government members.
The president is the commander and chief of armed forces.
The president is empowered to declare national emergencies and martial law.
The president must be voted into power and can only serve a maximum of two terms (four years each).
At least 50 percent of eligible voters must participate in order for the election to be valid.
Presidential Impeachment
BUT… The State Duma may impeach the president if he/she commits “grave crimes” or treason.
Impeachment needs to be confirmed by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court.
Then the State Duma and Federation Council both have to get a two-thirds majority votes to pass the impeachment.
The prime minister takes over if the president somehow cannot lead.
Impeachment needs to be confirmed by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court.
Then the State Duma and Federation Council both have to get a two-thirds majority votes to pass the impeachment.
The prime minister takes over if the president somehow cannot lead.
Legislative Branch
616 members are included in parliament (Federal Assembly).
Each house elects a chairman to control internal procedures of the house.
The houses also have parliamentary committees that are arranged to deal with different matters of government.
Parliament is primarily used to complete and vote on draft laws.
Each house elects a chairman to control internal procedures of the house.
The houses also have parliamentary committees that are arranged to deal with different matters of government.
Parliament is primarily used to complete and vote on draft laws.
Federation Council
166 members are included in Federation Council (upper house).
Federal Council is limited to provincial elites.
The Federation Council verifies the federal laws concerning budgets, customs regulations, credit monitoring, and the international treaties after the State Duma creates them.
More than half of the Federation Council needs to vote in favor of a law for it to pass.
More than three-fourths of the council needs to vote in favor of a constitutional law to pass.
Federation Council has the power to:
1. Approve of changes regarding subjects in Russia.
2. Approve martial law.
3. Approve a state of emergency.
4. Decide on the use of armed forces outside of Russia.
5. Impeach the president.
6. Declare the elections of president.
7. Approve the presidential nomination of Supreme Court judges.
8. Approve the presidential nomination of Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation.
9. Appoint the chairman and half of auditors of the Accounting Chamber.
Federal Council is limited to provincial elites.
The Federation Council verifies the federal laws concerning budgets, customs regulations, credit monitoring, and the international treaties after the State Duma creates them.
More than half of the Federation Council needs to vote in favor of a law for it to pass.
More than three-fourths of the council needs to vote in favor of a constitutional law to pass.
Federation Council has the power to:
1. Approve of changes regarding subjects in Russia.
2. Approve martial law.
3. Approve a state of emergency.
4. Decide on the use of armed forces outside of Russia.
5. Impeach the president.
6. Declare the elections of president.
7. Approve the presidential nomination of Supreme Court judges.
8. Approve the presidential nomination of Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation.
9. Appoint the chairman and half of auditors of the Accounting Chamber.
State Duma
450 members included in the State Duma (lower house).
The State Duma is more powerful than Federation Council.
The State Duma has the power to:
1. Appoint the prime minister of Russia.
2. Hear annual reports of work of government.
3. Decide the issue of confidence on government.
4. Appoint and dismiss the chairman of the Central Bank of Russia.
5. Appoint and dismiss the chairman and half of the auditors of the Accounts Chamber.
6. Appoint and dismiss the Commissioner of Human Rights.
7. Decide if the president should be impeached (2/3 vote).
A majority of more than 50 percent is needed for laws to be passes in the State Duma.
The State Duma is more powerful than Federation Council.
The State Duma has the power to:
1. Appoint the prime minister of Russia.
2. Hear annual reports of work of government.
3. Decide the issue of confidence on government.
4. Appoint and dismiss the chairman of the Central Bank of Russia.
5. Appoint and dismiss the chairman and half of the auditors of the Accounts Chamber.
6. Appoint and dismiss the Commissioner of Human Rights.
7. Decide if the president should be impeached (2/3 vote).
A majority of more than 50 percent is needed for laws to be passes in the State Duma.
Local Legislature
89 sub national jurisdictions (178 seats).
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court has the right of judicial review.
Judicial Review is the process where legislative and executive actions are subject to review the Judiciary.
23 members are included in the Supreme Court.
Led by one chairman and four deputy chairmen.
The 19 members in the Constitutional Court deal with federal laws, presidential decrees and instructions, local constitutions, charters, and federal constitution laws.
The Federation Council approves of the nomination of three judges made by the president (serve for life).
The president appoints judges for federal district courts.
The Minister of Justice appoints judges to regional and city courts.
Five types of courts:
1. Constitutional Court
2. Supreme Court
3. Regional courts
4. District courts
5. Justices of the Peace Courts
Judicial Review is the process where legislative and executive actions are subject to review the Judiciary.
23 members are included in the Supreme Court.
Led by one chairman and four deputy chairmen.
The 19 members in the Constitutional Court deal with federal laws, presidential decrees and instructions, local constitutions, charters, and federal constitution laws.
The Federation Council approves of the nomination of three judges made by the president (serve for life).
The president appoints judges for federal district courts.
The Minister of Justice appoints judges to regional and city courts.
Five types of courts:
1. Constitutional Court
2. Supreme Court
3. Regional courts
4. District courts
5. Justices of the Peace Courts